Suspensions are useful for administering insoluble or poorly soluble drugs or in situations when the presence of a finely divided form of the material in the GI tract is required.Īn emulsion is a system consisting of 2 immiscible liquid phases, one of which is dispersed throughout the other in the form of fine droplets droplet diameter generally ranges from 0.1-100 µm. Provide a convenient means of drug administration to neonates and young animals.Ī suspension is a coarse dispersion of insoluble drug particles, generally with a diameter exceeding 1 µm, in a liquid (usually aqueous) medium. In addition, the taste of some drugs is more unpleasant when in solution Oral solutions The disadvantages of solutions include susceptibility to microbial contamination and the hydrolysis in aqueous solution of susceptible active ingredients. Compared with solid dosageįorms, solutions are absorbed faster and generally cause less irritation of the GI mucosa. Solutions offer several advantages over other dosage forms. Oral dosage forms comprise liquids (solutions, suspensions, and emulsions), semi-solids (pastes), and solids (tablets, capsules, powders, granules, premixes, and medicated blocks).Ī solution is a mixture of 2 or more components that form a single phase that is homogeneous down to the Rod = rodents (individual species listed by name) Rab = rabbitĪm = amphibians (species listed by name) Fish (species listed by name) The anaesthesia drugs may not be expired under any If the animal is anesthetized for a terminal study. Please note that animal welfare regulations prohibit the use of expired drugs on research animals, except Dosage instructions are also found on the packaging and inserts of over-the-counter medicines. Other medicines may also affect the drug dose.ĭosage instructions are written on the vet’s prescription and on the pharmacy label of a prescribed There are many factors taken into consideration when deciding a dose of drug – including animal species, age, health state, etc. The optimal dosage is the dosage that gives the desired effect with minimum side effects. Common routes of administration include oral, rectal, inhalation, nasal and topical. The route of administration is the way the dosage form is given. The strength is the amount of drug in the dosage form or a unit of the dosage form (e.g. Each dosage form may also have a number of specialized forms such as extended-release, buccal, dispersible, and chewable tablets. Common dosage forms include tablets, capsules, creams, ointments, aerosols, and patches. The dosage form is the physical form of a dose of drug. The total daily dose is calculated from the dose and the number of times per day the dose is taken. Examples include 2.5 mL twice a day, one tablet three times a day, one injection every four weeks. The dosage regimen is the frequency at which the drug doses are given. Suppository) or some other quantity (e.g. 10 mL, 2 drops), the number of dosage forms (e.g. It can be expressed as the weight of drug (e.g. The dose is the amount of drug taken at any one time. One must follow the manufacturers guidelines regarding dosages. Prior to licensing a product, research is conducted to determine the best injection site, route and dosage for the treatment of a particular condition in a particular species and class of animal.In case of veterinary field, vets has to treat several animals from farm to wildlife.The available medicine in the market are same for large and small animals, only difference is these medicines’s dosage are given to the said animal as per the body weight of the animal or body surface area.Different forms of medicines are there as per their need.Here in this article I have tried to give a brief idea about the different forms of medicines and its dosages calculation as per the body weight of the animals. Veterinary Pharmaceutical manufacturers provide safe products that will effectively treat a health problem, provided they are stored and used according to label directions.
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